Permadeath - Revision history

Staffan Björk at 11:22, 26 July 2016

2016-07-26T11:22:10Z

Staffan Björk at 13:42, 19 November 2015

2015-11-19T13:42:32Z

Staffan Björk at 08:28, 8 August 2015

2015-08-08T08:28:20Z

Staffan Björk at 16:49, 25 January 2015

2015-01-25T16:49:03Z

Staffan Björk at 08:56, 28 September 2014

2014-09-28T08:56:48Z

Staffan Björk at 14:51, 28 July 2014

2014-07-28T14:51:30Z

Staffan Björk at 08:26, 12 June 2014

2014-06-12T08:26:38Z

Staffan Björk: /* Relations */

2012-11-01T07:43:54Z

‎Relations

Staffan Björk at 09:02, 13 July 2011

2011-07-13T09:02:48Z

Staffan Björk at 08:26, 9 July 2011

2011-07-09T08:26:14Z

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 == Consequences ==
-The [[Permadeath|Permadeaths]] of [[Avatars]] and [[Characters]] are [[Death Consequences]] that are [[Irreversible Events]] and lead to [[Player Elimination]] and [[Game Over]]. Games with the pattern have more [[Challenging Gameplay]] for this reason and often also encourage [[Replayability]] since players tend to distribute the total time players spend on the games over more game sessions. They also lead to [[Downtime]] in [[Multiplayer Games]]. The exception when they do not lead to [[Player Elimination]] is when they are used together with [[Save Points]].
+The [[Permadeath|Permadeaths]] of [[Avatars]] and [[Characters]] are [[Death Consequences]] that are [[Irreversible Events]] and lead to [[Player Elimination]] and [[Game Over]]. As such they are clear [[Closure Points]] for players. Games with the pattern have more [[Challenging Gameplay]] for this reason and often also encourage [[Replayability]] since players tend to distribute the total time players spend on the games over more game sessions. They also lead to [[Downtime]] in [[Multiplayer Games]]. The exception when they do not lead to [[Player Elimination]] is when they are used together with [[Save Points]].
 [[Permadeath]] can both encourage and discourage [[Player Killing]]. Encourage due to succeeding with this is an [[Irreversible Events|Irreversible Event]] and the benefits likewise irreversible; Discourage due to the common social experience of playing a game is damaged by [[Player Elimination]].
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 === Can Instantiate ===
 [[Challenging Gameplay]],
 [[Death Consequences]],
 [[Early Elimination]],

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 While some games have [[Permadeath]] as an integral part to create [[Challenging Gameplay]], it can also be used as an option to support varying [[Difficulty Levels]]. Examples of games using the pattern in this fashion include [[Diablo II]] and [[Fallout: New Vegas]] (for [[Companions]] in the latter case).
-The actual implementation of [[Permadeath]] is trivial; it is in principle avoiding the use of the pattern [[Lives]]. There are however some more subtle decisions. [[Extra Chances]] can be combined with [[Permadeath]], as done for example in the roleplaying game [[Warhammer Fantasy Roleplay]]. This combination lets players have less risk of actually experiencing [[Permadeath]] but still preserve the consequences of the pattern. Supporting the saving of game state whenever player wants ruins the effect of [[Permadeath]] due to the ability of performing [[Save-Load Cycles]] this gives them. [[Save Points]] have a lesser version of this effect in that gameplay can be continued from a previous game state but can, depending on their placements and scarcity, still make gameplay challenging.
+The actual implementation of [[Permadeath]] is trivial; it is in principle avoiding the use of the pattern [[Lives]]. There are however some more subtle decisions. [[Extra Chances]] can be combined with [[Permadeath]], as done for example in the roleplaying game [[Warhammer Fantasy Roleplay]]. This combination lets players have less risk of actually experiencing [[Permadeath]] but still preserve the consequences of the pattern. Supporting the saving of game state whenever player wants ruins the effect of [[Permadeath]] due to the ability of performing [[Save-Load Cycles]] (or [[Save Scumming]]) this gives them. [[Save Points]] have a lesser version of this effect in that gameplay can be continued from a previous game state but can, depending on their placements and scarcity, still make gameplay challenging.
 === Interface Aspects ===
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 === Potentially Conflicting With ===
 [[Lives]],
 [[Save-Load Cycles]],
 [[Smooth Learning Curves]]

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 == Using the pattern ==
-While [[Death Consequences]] exist in many games that include [[Conflict]] or [[Combat]], [[Permadeath]] for players' [[Focus Loci]] are more uncommon since it not only creates [[Player Elimination]] but also increased the possibility of [[Early Elimination]] (see Klastrup<ref name="Klastrup"/> for a discussion on the role of deaths in games).
+While [[Death Consequences]] exist in many games that include [[Conflicts]] or [[Combat]], [[Permadeath]] for players' [[Focus Loci]] are more uncommon since it not only creates [[Player Elimination]] but also increased the possibility of [[Early Elimination]] (see Klastrup<ref name="Klastrup"/> for a discussion on the role of deaths in games).
 A primary concern when designing [[Death Consequences]] is how well it functions with the potential [[Predetermined Story Structures]] that exist, and this of course varies with whom it is that dies. For example, [[Units]] typically have [[Permadeath]] and this is likely to be non-problematic since [[Units]] often can be replaced and have no or little individuality compared to other [[Units]]. Likewise, [[Non-Player Characters]] (but not [[Companions]]) often have [[Permadeath]] if they can be killed at all; if this is possible depends on the types of activities permitted by the game this also depends on how vital the [[NPCs]] are to [[Predetermined Story Structures]]. This means that the pattern has most relevance for [[Avatars]] and [[Characters]] that are [[Player Characters]].

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 [[Avatars]],
 [[Characters]],
 [[Player Characters]],
 [[Player Killing]],

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 [[Category:Patterns]]
 [[Category:Event Patterns]]
 [[Category:Needs revision]]

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 <ref name="wiki">Wikipedia [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permanent_death entry] for ''Permanent Death'' in games.</ref>
 <ref name="wow">[http://www.wowwiki.com/Permadeath Entry] for [[Permadeath]] on the World of Warcraft Wiki.</ref>
-<ref name="Klastrup">Klastrup, L. (2007). [http://www.jvrb.org/archiv/1022/ Why Death Matters: Understanding Gameworld Experience]. The Journal of Virtual Reality and Broadcasting, Vol. 4, 2007.</ref>
+<ref name="Klastrup">Klastrup, L. (2007). [http://www.jvrb.org/past-issues/4.2007/1022?searchterm=permad Why Death Matters: Understanding Gameworld Experience]. The Journal of Virtual Reality and Broadcasting, Vol. 4, 2007.</ref>
 </references>
 == Acknowledgements ==
+-

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 [[Irreversible Events]],
 [[Player Elimination]],
-[[Replayability]]
+[[Replayability]],
 ==== with [[Multiplayer Games]] ====
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 === Can Be Modulated By ===
 [[Extra Chances]],
-[[Save Points]],
+[[Save Points]]
-[[Spectators]]
 === Possible Closure Effects ===

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