Difference between revisions of "Helpers"

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[[Category:Patterns]]
 
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[[Category:Diegetic Patterns]]
 
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''Non-player characters that help players.''
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[[Category:Stub]]
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''Diegetic characters that help players.''
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This pattern is a still a stub.
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In many moments during gameplay, players may either need or want help, either in the form of information or actions. [[Helpers]] are people in game worlds controlled by the game that provide such help. Some provide just one type of help in one specific place while others follow players exploration of gameplay to provide continuous help.
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Helpers are game elements presented as diegetic characters that support the players in completing goals by giving advice or by performing actions which the players are not able to perform. They are not under players' control, and typically do not move around in the game world.
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=== Examples ===
 
=== Examples ===
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Example: the rumor spreading non-player characters in Ultima series are sometimes directly and sometimes indirectly giving the player advice on how to progress in the game.
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Rumor spreading non-player characters in the [[Ultima series|Ultima]], [[Elder Scrolls series|Elder Scrolls]], and [[Fallout series]] sometimes directly and sometimes indirectly giving the player advice on how to progress in the game. Each of the games in [[The Legend of Zelda series]] contains several helpers, ranging from helpful grandmothers to talking boats.
  
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Example: each of the games in The Legend of Zelda series contains several helpers from helpful grandmothers to talking boats.
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Solving quests or mysteries in games such as [[Fahrenheit]] and [[Heavy Rain]], requires talking to non-player characters. This also occurs in the [[Dragon Age series|Dragon Age]], [[Elder Scrolls series|Elder Scrolls]], and [[Fallout series]], and here sometimes the [[Helpers]] take active part in the gameplay to limited periods. The [[Dragon Age series]] and the [[Fallout series]] also provide companions that help players throughout large parts of the game regardless of what specific quests are being undertaken.
  
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[[Mario Kart series]] being towed after falling of courses
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Choosing the ''Mysterious Stranger'' perk in the [[Fallout series]] gives players a certain chance to be helped very temporarily in combat when things look grim. [[Fallout: New Vegas]] add a similar perk, ''Miss Fortune'', that provides a [[Helpers|Helper]] that deals fatigue damage rather than real damage.
  
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Choosing the ''Mysterious Stranger'' perk in the [[Fallout series]] gives players a certain chance to be helped very temporarily in combat when things look grim. [[Fallout: New Vegas]] add a similar perk, ''Miss Fortune'', that deals fatigue damage rather than real damage.
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Players that have go off the race courses and fallen into the oceans present in some maps in the [[Mario Kart series]] are towed by helpful non-player characters so they can resume the races.
  
 
== Using the pattern ==
 
== Using the pattern ==
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The Helpers pattern is a direct subpattern of Clues, and as such the design choices relevant to Clues are relevant to Helpers. However, as Helpers typically are represented as living creatures, they may provide different Indirect Information when interacted with several times. This may range from simply rotating through a couple of answers to provide variation to providing new pieces of information when the previous goals have been completed. Further, game designer have to determine if the players can modify the reaction of Helpers by their actions, e. g. gifts, bribes, threats, or direct attacks. Sometimes Helpers can also act as Tools, for example, the Lion Boat in The Legend of Zelda: Wind Waker is also the player's main means of transportation. Helpers can be used to create Red Herrings for the players as the information they provide is rarely Direct Information about the game state.
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Designing [[Helpers]] consist of deciding on what type of [[Non-Player Characters]] the [[Helpers]] should be and what type of help should be provided. They two areas are however related since the available actions and planning of different types of [[Non-Player Characters]] can allow some types of help but be unable to allow other types of help.  
  
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Game elements can change roles between being Helpers and Units due to the actions of the player, and this can be used to create new subgoals for the player. For example, in Baldur's Gate the player can talk to many non-player characters in the game, but some these characters can also be invited to the player's adventuring party, effectively changing their status from being a Helper to being a Unit.
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Giving [[Clues]], helping with [[Quests]] in some fashion, and engaging in [[Dialogues]] requires little agency and can be done by [[Non-Player Characters]] as limited as [[Self-Service Kiosks]] represented as diegetic people. When [[Narrative Engrossment]] is wanted, [[Gossip]] may be an appropriate way of providing [[Clues]] since it is also inherently diegetic. [[Helpers]] can be used to create [[Red Herrings]] for players as the information they provide is rarely [[Direct Information]] about the game state. In games with [[Private Game Spaces]], [[Tutorial Neighbors]] can offer the same types of helps as [[Self-Service Kiosks]] but can provide an additional way of supporting [[Smooth Learning Curves]] through giving players an example of how gameplay can develop. Both these types of [[Helpers]] can also allow players to engage in [[Trading]] or have access to [[Privileged Abilities]] such as [[Crafting]] or healing [[Damage]].  
  
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=== Can Be Instantiated By ===
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[[Companions]] are the most versatile types of [[Helpers]] and may be as helpful as [[AI Players]], including being members of [[Parties]]. [[Cutscenes]] are in contrast very restricted but can also be used to create [[Helpers]], typically then as part of [[Predetermined Story Structures]]. [[Helplessness]] is not so often alleviated by [[Helpers]] but the [[Mario Kart series]] shows how this is done through [[Cutscenes]] and the [[Left 4 Dead series]] shows how [[Companions]] can be skilled in doing this.
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[[Companions]],
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[[Non-Player Characters]],  
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[[Self-Service Kiosks]],  
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[[Tutorial Neighbors]]
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[[Helpers]] can be modified by [[Actions Have Diegetically Social Consequences]]. That is, they can be designed so that they will not help players that have behaved in a certain way, or may require players to perform certain actions to begin helping them. This may also be represented as [[Quests]] which differ from the ones [[Helpers]] provide aid with through the fact that they are done to gain access to the [[Helpers]]. Gaining [[Helpers]] aid may also be as simple as meeting requirements regarding players' [[Abilities]], [[Attributes]], [[Powers]], [[Skills]], [[Character Levels]], or other characteristics. Gaining [[Companions]] in the [[Fallout series]] or the [[Baldur's Gate series]] provide examples of this.
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[[Actions Have Diegetically Social Consequences]]
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=== Diegetic Aspects ===
 
=== Diegetic Aspects ===
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[[Helpers]] is a [[:Category:Diegetic Patterns|Diegetic Pattern]] in that it gives players help in a diegetic form.
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=== Interface Aspects ===
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=== Narrative Aspects ===
 
=== Narrative Aspects ===
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They can also be used to unfold the Narrative Structure by providing background stories or letting the Helpers change their advice as gameplay progresses.
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[[Helpers]] can be used both to drive [[Predetermined Story Structures]] forward and to provide additional details to them.
  
 
== Consequences ==
 
== Consequences ==
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[[Helpers]] are [[Non-Player Characters]] that help players in [[Levels]] or [[Game Worlds]] by providing players with [[Clues]], [[Quests]] or services such as [[Trading]] or performing [[Privileged Abilities]] (e.g. healing [[Damage]]). Quite naturally, [[Helpers]] are not compatible with [[Enemies]] but the presence of the pattern [[Actions Have Diegetically Social Consequences]] can turn [[Helpers]] into [[Enemies]] if players do despicable actions  according to the [[Helpers]].
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[[Helpers]] are [[Non-Player Characters]] that help players in [[Game Boards]], [[Levels]], or [[Game Worlds]] by providing players with [[Clues]], [[Quests]] or services such as [[Trading]] or performing [[Privileged Abilities]] (e.g. healing [[Damage]]). Quite naturally, [[Helpers]] are not compatible with [[Enemies]] but the presence of the pattern [[Actions Have Diegetically Social Consequences]] can turn [[Helpers]] into [[Enemies]] if players do despicable actions  according to the [[Helpers]].
  
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Like [[Clues]], [[Helpers]] can support [[Smooth Learning Curves]] by offering additional help when needed.
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The information provided by [[Helpers]] is likely to be in the form of [[Indirect Information]] since providing [[Direct Information]] through them breaks [[Diegetic Consistency]]. Like [[Clues]], [[Helpers]] can support [[Smooth Learning Curves]] by offering additional help when needed.
  
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=== Can Modulate ===
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[[Helpers]] that do not automatically provide help or have retracted their help until some amends have been done give rise to [[Gain Competence]] or [[Gain Information]] goals.
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[[Helplessness]],
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== Relations ==
 
== Relations ==
 
=== Can Instantiate ===
 
=== Can Instantiate ===
 
[[Clues]],  
 
[[Clues]],  
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[[Smooth Learning Curves]]
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[[Gain Competence]],
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[[Gain Information]],
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[[Indirect Information]],
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[[Predetermined Story Structures]],
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[[Privileged Abilities]],
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[[Red Herrings]],
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[[Smooth Learning Curves]],
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[[Trading]],
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[[Quests]]
  
 
=== Can Modulate ===
 
=== Can Modulate ===
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[[Game Boards]],
 
[[Game Worlds]],  
 
[[Game Worlds]],  
 
[[Helplessness]],  
 
[[Helplessness]],  
 
[[Levels]],  
 
[[Levels]],  
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[[Predetermined Story Structures]],
 
[[Quests]]
 
[[Quests]]
  
 
=== Can Be Instantiated By ===
 
=== Can Be Instantiated By ===
 
[[Companions]],  
 
[[Companions]],  
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[[Cutscenes]],
 
[[Non-Player Characters]],  
 
[[Non-Player Characters]],  
 
[[Self-Service Kiosks]],  
 
[[Self-Service Kiosks]],  
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=== Can Be Modulated By ===
 
=== Can Be Modulated By ===
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[[Actions Have Diegetically Social Consequences]]
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[[Actions Have Diegetically Social Consequences]],
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[[Character Levels]],
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[[Dialogues]]
  
 
=== Possible Closure Effects ===
 
=== Possible Closure Effects ===

Latest revision as of 13:43, 21 July 2016

Non-player characters that help players.

In many moments during gameplay, players may either need or want help, either in the form of information or actions. Helpers are people in game worlds controlled by the game that provide such help. Some provide just one type of help in one specific place while others follow players exploration of gameplay to provide continuous help.

Examples

Rumor spreading non-player characters in the Ultima, Elder Scrolls, and Fallout series sometimes directly and sometimes indirectly giving the player advice on how to progress in the game. Each of the games in The Legend of Zelda series contains several helpers, ranging from helpful grandmothers to talking boats.

Solving quests or mysteries in games such as Fahrenheit and Heavy Rain, requires talking to non-player characters. This also occurs in the Dragon Age, Elder Scrolls, and Fallout series, and here sometimes the Helpers take active part in the gameplay to limited periods. The Dragon Age series and the Fallout series also provide companions that help players throughout large parts of the game regardless of what specific quests are being undertaken.

Choosing the Mysterious Stranger perk in the Fallout series gives players a certain chance to be helped very temporarily in combat when things look grim. Fallout: New Vegas add a similar perk, Miss Fortune, that provides a Helper that deals fatigue damage rather than real damage.

Players that have go off the race courses and fallen into the oceans present in some maps in the Mario Kart series are towed by helpful non-player characters so they can resume the races.

Using the pattern

Designing Helpers consist of deciding on what type of Non-Player Characters the Helpers should be and what type of help should be provided. They two areas are however related since the available actions and planning of different types of Non-Player Characters can allow some types of help but be unable to allow other types of help.

Giving Clues, helping with Quests in some fashion, and engaging in Dialogues requires little agency and can be done by Non-Player Characters as limited as Self-Service Kiosks represented as diegetic people. When Narrative Engrossment is wanted, Gossip may be an appropriate way of providing Clues since it is also inherently diegetic. Helpers can be used to create Red Herrings for players as the information they provide is rarely Direct Information about the game state. In games with Private Game Spaces, Tutorial Neighbors can offer the same types of helps as Self-Service Kiosks but can provide an additional way of supporting Smooth Learning Curves through giving players an example of how gameplay can develop. Both these types of Helpers can also allow players to engage in Trading or have access to Privileged Abilities such as Crafting or healing Damage.

Companions are the most versatile types of Helpers and may be as helpful as AI Players, including being members of Parties. Cutscenes are in contrast very restricted but can also be used to create Helpers, typically then as part of Predetermined Story Structures. Helplessness is not so often alleviated by Helpers but the Mario Kart series shows how this is done through Cutscenes and the Left 4 Dead series shows how Companions can be skilled in doing this.

Helpers can be modified by Actions Have Diegetically Social Consequences. That is, they can be designed so that they will not help players that have behaved in a certain way, or may require players to perform certain actions to begin helping them. This may also be represented as Quests which differ from the ones Helpers provide aid with through the fact that they are done to gain access to the Helpers. Gaining Helpers aid may also be as simple as meeting requirements regarding players' Abilities, Attributes, Powers, Skills, Character Levels, or other characteristics. Gaining Companions in the Fallout series or the Baldur's Gate series provide examples of this.

Diegetic Aspects

Helpers is a Diegetic Pattern in that it gives players help in a diegetic form.

Narrative Aspects

Helpers can be used both to drive Predetermined Story Structures forward and to provide additional details to them.

Consequences

Helpers are Non-Player Characters that help players in Game Boards, Levels, or Game Worlds by providing players with Clues, Quests or services such as Trading or performing Privileged Abilities (e.g. healing Damage). Quite naturally, Helpers are not compatible with Enemies but the presence of the pattern Actions Have Diegetically Social Consequences can turn Helpers into Enemies if players do despicable actions according to the Helpers.

The information provided by Helpers is likely to be in the form of Indirect Information since providing Direct Information through them breaks Diegetic Consistency. Like Clues, Helpers can support Smooth Learning Curves by offering additional help when needed.

Helpers that do not automatically provide help or have retracted their help until some amends have been done give rise to Gain Competence or Gain Information goals.

Relations

Can Instantiate

Clues, Gain Competence, Gain Information, Indirect Information, Predetermined Story Structures, Privileged Abilities, Red Herrings, Smooth Learning Curves, Trading, Quests

Can Modulate

Game Boards, Game Worlds, Helplessness, Levels, Predetermined Story Structures, Quests

Can Be Instantiated By

Companions, Cutscenes, Non-Player Characters, Self-Service Kiosks, Tutorial Neighbors

Can Be Modulated By

Actions Have Diegetically Social Consequences, Character Levels, Dialogues

Possible Closure Effects

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Potentially Conflicting With

Enemies

History

An updated version of the pattern Helpers that was part of the original collection in the book Patterns in Game Design[1].

References

  1. ↑ Björk, S. & Holopainen, J. (2004) Patterns in Game Design. Charles River Media. ISBN1-58450-354-8.

Acknowledgements

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Retrieved from "http://virt10.itu.chalmers.se/index.php?title=Helpers&oldid=24854"